• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    There is provided a motorized shading unit for a building opening, which comprises means (1) for shading the building opening and a drive (2) which is coupled to the shading means (1). Furthermore, the shading unit has an accumulator (3) for supplying energy to said drive (2) and a temperature sensor (4) for measuring the temperature (T) of the accumulator (3). A control (5, 50..52) of the shading unit is set up to activate the drive (2) as a function of the temperature (T) of the accumulator (3). Furthermore, a window with such a shading unit, a group of shading units and a method for shading a building opening are specified.
    公开号:AT513270A4
    申请号:T50524/2012
    申请日:2012-11-16
    公开日:2014-03-15
    发明作者:Herbert Ing Hochreiter
    申请人:Ifn Holding Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    The invention relates to a motor-driven shading unit for a building opening, comprising means for shading the building opening, a drive which is coupled to the shading means, an accumulator for supplying power to said drive and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the accumulator. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for shading a building opening, in which a shading by activating a supplied from an accumulator drive, which is coupled to means for shading the building opening, is changed.
    Shading units of the type mentioned are basically known, for example in the form of motorized blinds, shutters, blinds and the like. By the accumulator these shading units can be operated in particular independently of a power grid. Frequently, the shading units also include a photovoltaic module for power supply. In principle, however, other sources of energy are replaceable. In order not to overload the accumulator in the charging mode but also in current draw, or to protect it from explosion, the accumulators used often have temperature sensors. Frequently, the shading units mentioned are controlled as a function of time, that is to say they are opened at a specific time and closed at a specific time. But time is only one of many factors influencing shading control and not necessarily the most important one. A disadvantage of a time control is that usually a change between summer time and winter time is necessary and that the clock of the shading unit also
    N2012 / 11900 2 must be readjusted after a power failure (power supply).
    An object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved shading unit. In particular, the shading should be able to be controlled differentiated than before, without significantly increasing the technical complexity.
    The object of the invention is achieved with a shading unit of the type mentioned, comprising a controller which is adapted to activate / control the drive in dependence of the temperature of the accumulator.
    The object of the invention is also achieved with a method of the type mentioned, in which the drive is activated as a function of the temperature of the accumulator.
    Advantageously, a temperature-controlled shading unit for a building opening can be realized in this way, without the need for an additional temperature sensor would be required. The temperature sensor of the accumulator thus fulfills a double benefit.
    Further advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the description in conjunction with the figures. It is favorable if the control is set up to intensify the shading by activating the drive with increasing accumulator temperature and / or to attenuate the shading by activating the drive with decreasing accumulator temperature. In this way, the energy flow into the building can be controlled so that always sets a pleasant indoor climate inside the building. The difference between the outside temperature and inside temperature essentially determines the energy or power exchanged via the heat transfer between the building's interior and the outside world. The internal temperature can in many cases be presumed to be more or less constant, especially if these are equipped with a heating system.
    [1¾ 2Q12 / 505214 3 air conditioning is regulated. In this respect, it is often sufficient, for controlling the shading device, to measure the outside temperature via the accumulator temperature. Of course, it is also possible to include the internal temperature in the controller or even build a control circuit for controlling the internal temperature. In particular, shading means having a high insulating effect (e.g., shutters or shutters) can significantly affect the heat transfer between the building's interior and the outside world in this way.
    It is advantageous if the shading unit comprises a light sensor coupled to the controller and the controller is adapted to increase the shading by activating the drive with increasing light intensity and / or attenuate the shading by activating the drive with decreasing light intensity. The light intensity is also an influential parameter for influencing a pleasant indoor climate. While the difference between the outside temperature and the inside temperature determines the heat transfer, the light intensity substantially determines the energy or power exchanged via radiation. Since the sun has a much higher temperature compared to room temperature, the radiation transmission through the building opening essentially determines the energy or power introduced into the building interior.
    In addition, the light intensity for determining the time of day and especially when it is observed over a long period of time can also be used to determine the season. If only weak light is measured for a long time, it can be assumed that it is winter and a heating system is in operation. As a result, heat input into the building is desired. On a sunny winter's day it is therefore rather not shaded for a positive energy balance despite high light intensity. Conversely, it can be concluded with long-lasting strong light intensity that it is summer and a heat input into the building is usually undesirable. At high light intensity, the building opening is therefore rather shaded. By detecting outside temperature, light intensity and knowing an indoor temperature in the area
    N2012 / 11900 4 of 21 " a decision as to whether and how much to chat is to be made particularly differentiated by the controller.
    In addition, it is noted that the light intensity is the proportion of the total radiant power emitted as from a light source in a given spatial direction into a solid angle element. The light intensity is the light intensity weighted with the standardized sensitivity curve of the human eye. In the context of the invention, therefore, the light intensity or another comparable physical quantity can also be unrestrictedly replaced by the light intensity.
    It is particularly advantageous if the shading unit comprises a photovoltaic module for supplying energy to the drive or for charging the accumulator, which is additionally used as a light sensor. Instead of a light sensor or in addition to the light intensity can also be determined via a photovoltaic module for powering the drive or for charging the battery. The light intensity corresponds to the voltage of the photovoltaic module or can be derived from this. It is advantageous if the shading unit comprises a temperature sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the building or means for inputting the same. For the decision whether and how much is to be shaded, the internal temperature of the building is also advantageously measured. If the indoor temperature can be assumed to be more or less constant, in particular if the building is conditioned by means of a control, then a (setpoint) of the indoor temperature can also be entered manually or via a communication link from a building air conditioning control (heating controller, air conditioner temperature controller) be transmitted. Of course, from this, the actual value of the internal temperature can be transmitted.
    It is advantageous if the controller is set up to activate the drive as a function of a season. As mentioned, the season can in principle be determined by a long-term observation of the light intensity. Additionally or alternatively, the controller may also include an internal clock or an N2012 / 11900 5 5 [102012/50524 inner calendar to control the shading according to the current season and the associated preference to supply or discharge solar energy to the building ,
    It is particularly advantageous if the control is set up to intensify the shading in the dark regardless of the temperature, in particular to attenuate the shading in low ambient light regardless of the temperature, in particular to cancel, to attenuate the shading in strong ambient light and low temperature , in particular cancel, and amplify in strong ambient light and high temperature, in particular to activate.
    This is a particularly comfortable variant of the controller. In the process, the building opening is shaded in the dark to prevent the view into the building interior. In low light conditions (e.g., in winter) shading is avoided. Also, shading under strong ambient light and low temperature (e.g., sunny winter day) is avoided. However, in strong ambient light and high temperature (e.g., hot summer day) the shading is activated. Of course, this is just a variant of the control, which offers high comfort. Other embodiments are also conceivable. For example, it may be useful to cool a building which has been strongly heated by the summer sun despite shading by opening the shading means at night. For example, it may be provided that the shading remains active for, for example, three hours after nightfall and is then canceled. This prevents the building from being seen while the residents are awake, but then stops to cool the building. Another reason to cancel the shading while the residents sleep, the interior lighting achieved by the moon and stars, or even by a street lighting can be, so that the residents can orient themselves at least to some extent in the room, if they are at night to wake up. 6 [10 2012/50524
    It is also particularly advantageous if the controller is coupled to a charging circuit of the accumulator and is adapted to activate the drive as a function of the temperature of the accumulator only when the accumulator is not charged or has not been charged for a predeterminable period of time. In this way it is prevented that the heating of the accumulator during charging falsifies the (external) temperature measurement. Analogously, it can also be provided to activate the drive as a function of the temperature of the accumulator only when the drive has not been activated for a predeterminable period of time, since the energy removal can also significantly increase the temperature of a rechargeable battery and thus falsify the measurement of the outside temperature. It is favorable if the control is set up to control the shading on the basis of at least one threshold value for the accumulator temperature and / or based on at least one threshold value for the light intensity. This allows the control of the shading done with little computational effort. Consequently, the controller for this variant can be constructed comparatively simple. It is also favorable in the above context if a hysteresis is provided for the at least one threshold value. This can be prevented that the shading is changed in a fast-running sequence.
    It is particularly advantageous if a shading unit has a communication module for communication with further shading units. This makes it possible that several shading units exchange information with each other. In particular, a group of shading units can be formed in this way.
    It is advantageous if the controls of the shading units of a group are set up to evaluate the temperatures and / or the light intensities of a shading unit or several shading units in order to control their drives. In particular, the controllers may be configured to use the highest value, the lowest value, or the average of the temperature within the group for controlling the drives. in the
    N2012 / 11900
    H'p 2012/50524 7
    Specifically, the controllers may also be configured to use the highest value, the lowest value or the average of the light intensity within the group for controlling the drives. In this way, multiple shading units can be controlled in mutual dependence. For example, the shading of a north-facing window depending on the shading of a south-facing window at dawn can be canceled, so that the north-facing window does not remain shaded for an excessive period. Similarly, the shading of a south-facing window depending on the shading of a north-facing window can be activated at nightfall, so that the south-facing window is not shaded too early. Another example would be the synchronous control of all shading units in a room or on a building side. In this way, it is avoided that some windows of a room or a building side are shaded, others not.
    It is advantageous if the shading units are organized within a group according to the master-slave principle, i. a shading unit gives the group the specifications for the other group members. The master does not necessarily always have to be formed by the same shading unit. Of course, it is also possible that the first shading unit, which changes its degree of shading, the status of the master belongs. As a result, the other shading units are instructed to change their shade level in the same or some other predetermined way. Of course, it is also possible to organize the shading units without a dedicated hierarchy, that is, the shading units are then equally entitled.
    It is particularly advantageous if the values for the temperatures and / or the light intensities of the shading units are weighted differently. This variant may be advantageous if in a group shading units of different importance for the residents are summarized. For example, the values found at a WC window may be less weighted, N2012 / 1 '
    8 as the values of a living room window. The weighting can also change depending on the time of day (which is determined, for example, by the periodic change in the light intensity). For example, in the morning, when it comes to eliminating shading, the values found on a bedroom window are rated highest, whereas in the evening, when it comes to activating shading, the values found on a living room window are rated highest. It is assumed that the shading units of both rooms belong to the same group. Of course, shading units can also belong to several groups or the group membership can also be changed depending on the time of day and / or season.
    It is particularly advantageous if at least one controller within the group is set up to change control parameters, in particular at least one threshold value for the accumulator temperature and / or at least one threshold value for the light intensity of at least one other controller. In particular, the at least one controller is arranged to change control parameters of at least one other controller (for example at least one threshold value) when it activates the drive assigned to it. In this variant, shading units are not controlled directly by specific commands for changing the degree of shading ("hard" or "rigid" connection), but indirectly by changing the specifications which influence shading. For example, the master of a group can influence the slaves by influencing their threshold values for the accumulator temperature and / or for the light intensity. As an example, a master is given, which reduces its shading level. As a result, changed thresholds are output to the slaves, which favor a reduction in the degree of shading. Likewise, thresholds changed to the slaves will be given to increase their level of shading as the master increases its level of shading. As a result, the shading units of a group are "soft" connected. The shading units of a group therefore do not necessarily change their shading ratio synchronously, but it is likely that this is so. At least the likelihood is high that the N2012 / 11900 19-11-2012
    [10 2012/50524 9
    Shading units change their shading level in a short time in the same way. By way of example, a shading unit which activates or intensifies its shading can lower the temperature threshold values of the other shading units of the same facade by 3 °, so that "quasi-synchronism of the shading units in the group is ensured. Other shading units on a dark side remain unaffected and remain open.
    It is also advantageous if the presented shading unit is integrated in a closure element (in particular a window) with a plurality of spaced-apart transparent panes. In particular, the shading means are arranged between two of the said disks. It is also advantageous if the drive and / or the accumulator and / or the temperature sensor and / or the controller and / or optionally the photovoltaic module is / are arranged in the upper region of the closure element. In this way, a particularly favorable arrangement of the components results. Due to the special arrangement of shading these are virtually completely insensitive to contamination. The arrangement of the components in the upper region of the closure element, these are in close local proximity, whereby they can be relatively easily interconnected.
    It is also advantageous if the shading unit is integrated into the closure element for a building opening, wherein the closure element comprises a floor frame for mounting in said building opening and at least one optional in the floor frame movably mounted wings, wherein the temperature sensor in a cavity within the floor frame or within the wing is arranged.
    The temperature used for the shading control is due to the arrangement of the temperature sensor between the building interior temperature and the outside temperature. A deviation of the actual value of the internal temperature from the desired value therefore does not necessarily lead to an immediate response of the shading control. If the actual value of the internal temperature is present, for example
    N2012 / 11900 10 due to an activated heating above the set value, the temperature measured by the temperature sensor of the shading control is only slightly increased due to the cool outside air. The response of the shading control to the elevated internal temperature is therefore moderate, if any, and solar energy can continue to flow. However, if it is unexpectedly warm during the heating period, the temperature measured by the temperature sensor of the shading control is influenced more strongly by a deviation in the internal temperature, which can lead to a strong (desired) shading in winter in such a case.
    The mentioned effects play a role, in particular in low-energy houses, where the power radiated by the sun exceeds the required heat output. If, in such a case, there is no shading, the actual value of the internal temperature may rise far above the setpoint. With fully automated air conditioning, in the worst case, even an air conditioner can be activated to cool the room. Similar considerations, only with opposite signs, can naturally also be made for the summer. For example, a shading at high outside temperatures remains active even if the actual value of the internal temperature is less than the setpoint.
    However, the presented control is of course not only in summer or winter advantage, but especially in the transitional period, in which there are often violent deviations of the outside temperatures of the actual season for the particular season outside temperature.
    An advantage of the proposed control is that it can make self-sufficient "meaningful" decisions and it does not necessarily require networking with other energy sources or energy sinks of the building for a desirable and energetically meaningful automatic shading, although this is of course not excluded. Therefore, the proposed controller is also particularly suitable for retrofitting existing buildings in which networking with other controls / regulations for temperature control of the building or not N2012 / 11900: 19-11-2012
    WS 11 would be possible only with very high effort. Since the control or regulation does not depend only on the internal temperature or merely on the outside temperature, the shading succeeds particularly well in self-sufficient operation.
    It should be noted at this point that the terms "control" and "control " unless otherwise stated synonymous used. It is favorable if the temperature sensor is arranged on or in the accumulator. This results in a strong coupling between the temperature sensor and the accumulator. The measured temperature therefore essentially corresponds to the accumulator temperature, which is why it can be used to control the charging process of the accumulator. It is also favorable if the temperature sensor is spaced from the accumulator but thermally coupled thereto. Under certain circumstances, the shading unit can thereby be realized in a simpler manner, for example because the temperature sensor can be arranged more easily removed from the accumulator for reasons of space or circuitry. A thermal coupling between the accumulator and the temperature sensor can be realized, for example, by arranging a good thermal conductor between the accumulator and the temperature sensor. It would also be conceivable, for example, that both are arranged in the same cavity within the floor frame or within the wing.
    It is advantageous in this context if the cavity in which the temperature sensor is arranged is hermetically sealed, since this in turn results in a good thermal coupling between the accumulator and the temperature sensor.
    However, it is also advantageous if the cavity in which the temperature sensor is arranged has at least one opening to the building exterior side of the closure element. In this way, the temperature sensor can be stronger
    N2012 / 11900 12 the outside of the building can be coupled. The measured temperature is therefore closer to the outside temperature.
    However, it is also advantageous if the cavity in which the temperature sensor is arranged has at least one opening to the inside of the building side of the closure element. In this way, the temperature sensor can be more strongly coupled to the inside of the building. The measured temperature is therefore closer to the internal temperature. It is also favorable if the accumulator comprises a protective circuit for emergency shutdown of the accumulator with a further temperature sensor arranged on or in the accumulator. In this way, the accumulator is even then protected against damage or even destruction, if the accumulator and the shading assigned temperature sensor should fail.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. Show it:
    1 shows a schematically represented cross section through an exemplary window with a shading unit;
    Fig. 2 as shown in Figure 1, only with remote from the accumulator temperature sensor.
    Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 2, only with external ventilation openings.
    Fig. 4 as shown in Figure 2, only with internal ventilation openings.
    5 shows an exemplary time profile of accumulator temperature,
    Light intensity and shading level;
    Fig. 6 is a schematically illustrated group of shading units;
    7 shows a vertical section through an exemplary window in which isotherms are drawn;
    Fig. 8 as Fig. 7, only at lower outside temperature than in Fig. 7 and
    N2012 / 11900 13
    FIG. 9 as in FIG. 7, only at a higher outside temperature than in FIG. 7.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves, inventive or inventive solutions. All statements on ranges of values in the description of the present invention should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. is the statement 1 to 10 to be understood that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are included, ie. all subregions begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10.
    1 shows a schematically represented cross section through an exemplary window with a motor-driven shading unit for a building opening. The shading unit comprises means 1 for shading the building opening, a drive 2 which is coupled to the shading means 1, a rechargeable battery 3 for supplying power to said drive 2 and a temperature sensor 4 for measuring the temperature T of the rechargeable battery 3. As shown in FIG can be seen, the temperature sensor 4 is located far outside the window. The temperature measured by the temperature sensor 4 therefore essentially corresponds to the outside temperature, provided that the accumulator 3 itself does not give off any heat. In addition, the shading unit comprises a controller 5, which is set up to control the drive 2 as a function of the temperature T of the battery.
    N2012 / 11900 14 14 N02012 / 50524 mulators 3 to activate. Advantageously, a temperature-controlled shading unit for a building opening can be realized in this way, without the need for a separate temperature sensor 4 would be required.
    Furthermore, the shading unit comprises a photovoltaic module 6 for supplying power to the drive 2 or for charging the accumulator 3, a charging circuit 7 of the accumulator 3 and communication module 8 for communication with other shading units. The shading unit is integrated in this example in a window with several panes 9,10, which are installed in a conventional manner in a sash 11. The shading means 1 are arranged in this example between said disks 9,10. Of course, this is not mandatory, the shading means 1 can also be arranged in front of or behind the window. In this example, the shading means are designed as blinds 1. Equivalent they could, for example, but also be designed as a roller shutter, shutter, interior blinds, external venetian blind or curtain.
    In addition, it is noted that the sectional view is not hatched in the upper part of the better representability sake, but there is a block diagram of the shading unit is shown. The spatial arrangement of the illustrated functional units may therefore also be different than shown. Only in the case of the temperature sensor 4, it is advantageous to arrange it at a location at which the outside temperature can be measured as uninfluenced. This is advantageously a point on the outside of the sash 11, which is in the shade.
    The function of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is as follows:
    In general, it is advantageous if the controller 5 intensifies the shading by activation of the drive 2 with increasing accumulator temperature and / or attenuates the shading by activating the drive 2 with decreasing accumulator temperature. As a result, excessive energy input into a building and thus excessive heating of the same can be avoided. On the other hand, as far as possible, solar energy is also used to heat the same
    N2012 / 11900 15, for example, to reduce or, if possible, completely avoid the burning of fossil fuels for building heating.
    The difference between outside temperature and inside temperature essentially determines the energy or power exchanged via the heat transfer between the building's interior and the outside world. The internal temperature can be assumed to be more or less constant in many cases, especially if it is regulated with a (separate) heater or air conditioning. In a simple embodiment of the invention it is thus sufficient to measure the outside temperature over the accumulator temperature for controlling the shading device. Of course, it is also possible to include the internal temperature in the controller.
    For example, a (setpoint) of the internal temperature can be entered manually. The shading unit may for this purpose comprise corresponding means for inputting the same, for example input keys (not shown). It is also possible that the shading unit comprises a temperature sensor (not shown) for measuring the internal temperature. Finally, the internal temperature (setpoint or actual value) can be obtained via the communication module 8 from an external unit (heating controller, temperature controller of an air conditioner). Despite input or transmission of only one setpoint for the internal temperature, the controller 5 can then work exactly when it can be assumed that the setpoint substantially corresponds to the actual value. This is the case when the room temperature is controlled, for example by a heater or an air conditioner.
    It is advantageous if the drive 2 is activated as a function of the temperature of the accumulator 3 only if the accumulator 3 is not loaded or has not been charged for a predeterminable period of time. That is, the temperature measurement for setting a shading degree is performed only when the accumulator 3 is not charged or has not been charged for a predeterminable period of time, so that the measured temperature here substantially corresponds to the outside temperature. Similarly, N2012 / 11900 16 may be provided to activate the drive 2 as a function of the temperature of the accumulator 3 only if the drive 2 has not been activated for a predeterminable period of time, because the energy removal can significantly increase the temperature of a rechargeable battery 3 ,
    It is also advantageous if the controller 5 amplifies the shading by activating the drive 2 with increasing light intensity L and / or attenuates the shading by activating the drive 2 when the light intensity L decreases. The light intensity is also an influential parameter, which essentially influences the energy or power introduced into the building interior. In this example, the photovoltaic module 6 is not only used to power the drive 2 or to charge the battery 3, but is also used as a light sensor. A separate light sensor can thus be omitted. In this way, not only the temperature sensor 4 of the rechargeable battery 3 fulfills a double benefit, but also the photovoltaic module 6. The light intensity corresponds to the voltage of the photovoltaic module 6 or can be derived from this.
    In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, all elements are for shading in the sash 11. Generally, these elements can be installed in whole or in part in a floor frame. This applies in particular to the temperature sensor 4. For example, the shading means 1 can also be arranged outside the pane composite 9, 10.
    FIG. 2 shows a further schematically represented cross section through an exemplary window, which is very similar to the window shown in FIG.
    In contrast, the shading unit or the window has no photovoltaic module 6, but is externally supplied, for example, from a central photovoltaic system. Furthermore, the temperature sensor 4 is now offset from the accumulator 3 or spaced, but thermally coupled thereto. The thermal coupling results from the fact that both the accumulator 3 and the temperature sensor 4 are arranged in a cavity within the casement 11. A closer thermal coupling could
    N2012 / 11900 17 be realized, for example, by a thermal conductor which connects the temperature sensor 4 and the accumulator 3 together.
    It would also be conceivable that the accumulator 3 comprises a protective circuit for emergency shutdown of the accumulator 3 with a further temperature sensor arranged on or in the accumulator 3 (not shown).
    In the example shown in FIG. 2, the cavity in which the temperature sensor 4 is arranged is hermetically sealed. This is by no means mandatory. It would also be conceivable that said cavity 12 has at least one opening to the building exterior side of the closure element, as shown in FIG. 3. In this way, the temperature sensor 4 can be more strongly coupled to the outside. The temperature measured by the temperature sensor 4 is therefore closer to the outside temperature.
    4 now shows a variant in which said cavity has an opening to the building inside side of the closure element. In this way, the temperature sensor 4 can be more strongly coupled to the inside of the building. The temperature measured by the temperature sensor 4 is therefore closer to the internal temperature.
    5 now shows an exemplary profile of accumulator temperature T, light intensity L and degree of shadowing B over time t. The accumulator temperature T (essentially corresponding to the outside temperature) and the light intensity L show a substantially sinusoidal course between day and night. Of course, this is a very simplistic assumption, of course, the course of events in reality can also deviate significantly from the course shown.
    In addition, 5 threshold values are shown in FIG., Based on which the shading is controlled. Concretely, a threshold value SWT for the accumulator temperature T and two threshold values SWL1, SWL2 for the light intensity L are provided. As a result, the control of the blind 1 can be done with little computational effort. Consequently, the controller 5 for this variant may be of a simple construction. The illustrated threshold values SWT, SWL1 and SWL2 are only illustrative examples. Of course, deviating threshold values for controlling the shading can also be provided. In particular, it is also advantageous if hystereses are provided for the threshold values SWT, SWL1, SWL2, whereby it can be prevented that the shading is changed in a rapidly occurring sequence. In FIG. 5, however, no hystereses are provided for the threshold values SWT, SWL1, SWL2 for the sake of better clarity.
    By the threshold value SWT for the accumulator temperature T, the temperature range is divided into a low-temperature region T1 and a high-temperature region T2. Likewise, the light intensity L is divided by the threshold values SWL1 and SWL2 into an area for darkness L1, weak ambient light L2, and strong ambient light L3.
    As can be seen from FIG. 5, the degree of shading B in darkness L1 is 100%, the shading means 1 (blinds) are therefore completely closed. At dawn, ie at the transition defined by the threshold value SWL1 from darkness L1 to weak ambient light L2 (time t1), the blind 1 is opened (completely). Shading level B is then 0%.
    Light intensity L and temperature T increase slowly. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the threshold value SWL2 is exceeded at time t2. In the case of a pure control of the shading on the basis of the light intensity L, the shading would be activated at the time t2. Because the threshold value SWT of the temperature T included in the control is not yet exceeded at time t2, the degree of shading B remains unchanged for the time being.
    This changes only at time t3, in which the threshold value SWT for the temperature is exceeded. The shutter 1 is thus driven down completely, but remains slightly open by appropriate inclination of the slats, so that in this example results in a degree of shading B of about 30%. be-
    Dem Ο / sehen sehen t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t T t t T t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht Licht.
    At time t4, the temperature T falls below the threshold value SWT, whereupon the shading is canceled, that is, the shutter 1 is moved upwards. Shading level B thus drops to 0%.
    The threshold SWL1 in this example defines not only the dawn, but also the dusk that occurs at the time t5. The shutter 1 is therefore driven down again at the time t5 and remains closed until the dawn.
    Fig. 5 shows a time course of an advantageous shading unit, which: the shading in darkness L1 regardless of the temperature T to strengthened, in particular activated, the shading attenuates in low ambient light L2 regardless of the temperature T, in particular cancels, the shading in strong Ambient light L3 and low temperature T1 attenuates, in particular cancel, and amplified in strong ambient light L3 and high temperature T2, in particular activated.
    In the process, the building opening is shaded in the dark L1, in order to prevent the view into the building interior. In low ambient light L2 (e.g., in winter) shading is avoided. Also, shading under strong ambient light L2 and low temperature T1 (e.g., sunny winter day) is avoided. In contrast, in strong ambient light L2 and high temperature T2 (e.g., hot summer day), the shading is activated.
    Of course, this is only a variant of the controller 5, other embodiments are also conceivable. For example, it may be useful to cool down a building which has been strongly heated by the summer sun despite the fact that it is shaded by opening the blind 1 at night. For example, it may be provided that the shading remains active for, for example, three hours after dark, and then canceled. This prevents the building from being seen while the residents are awake, but then stops to cool the building. Another reason to cancel the shading while the occupants sleep, the thus achieved interior lighting by moon and stars or even by a street lighting, so that the residents can orient themselves at least to some extent in the room when in the Wake up night.
    Basically, a time, or even a season, which may have influence on the control of the shading / can be determined with a built-in the controller 5 clock. In principle, however, the time of day and / or the season can also be determined by observing the light intensity L. This is subject to a daily period and a superimposed annual period. By averaging several daily maximums, the noon time can be determined relatively accurately. For interpolation, a lower-precision oscillator is sufficient. Also, a setting of a time can be omitted, which is why the shading unit input keys and a display for setting a time need not necessarily have. The shading unit adjusts itself practically with the aid of the detected light intensity L itself.
    In the same way, a season can be determined. If only weak light is measured for a long time, it can be assumed that it is winter. Equally it can be assumed that it is summer when relatively strong light is measured over a longer period of time. An oscillator can again serve for interpolation, an adjustment of a calendar day is not absolutely necessary. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that the season is determined over the duration of the daylight. In summer the daylight is longer, in winter accordingly shorter.
    Preferably, the controller 5 is adapted to control the drive 2 as a function of a season. In winter, as a rule, a heat input into the building is desired in order to relieve a heating, whereas in the summer
    N2012 / 11900
    21 heat input into the building is usually undesirable in order not to additionally burden an air conditioning system for cooling the building. In winter, therefore, the glare protection is in the foreground, whereas in the summer (also) the effect of shading is desired as heat protection. In general, it should be noted that the shading means 1 can not only be moved up and down by the drive 2, but also, for example, the position of the slats can be changed.
    As already mentioned, the shading unit illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 also includes a communication module 8 for communication with further shading units. This makes it possible that several shading units exchange information with each other. In particular, a group of shading units can be formed, wherein the temperatures T and / or the light intensities L of a shading unit or several shading units are evaluated in order to control their drives 2.
    Fig. 6 shows an example in which a group is formed by three shading units or their controls 50..52. It is assumed that the controls 50..52 are organized according to the master-slave principle, wherein the controller 50, the master, the controllers 51 and 52 form the slaves.
    The master controller 50 in this example receives the values for the temperatures T and light intensities L determined by the slave controllers 51 and 52. The slave controller 51 sends its measurements directly to the master controller 50 and at the same time acts as a repeater for the slaves Control 52. Of course, the controls 50..52 may also be organized in a star, for example. Communication as such may be wired, wireless or via light (e.g., infrared).
    After all measured values are available, the master controller 50 decides whether and in what form the shading is to be changed. If it changes the shading degree B, it also sends the value for the new shading degree B
    N2012 / 11ΘΟ0 22 the slave controls 51 and 52, which in turn can set the new level of shading B.
    In this way, multiple shading units can be controlled in mutual dependence. For example, the shading of a north-facing window depending on the shading of a south-facing window at dawn can be canceled, so that the north-facing window does not remain shaded for an excessive period. Similarly, the shading of a south-facing window depending on the shading of a north-facing window can be activated at nightfall, so that the south-facing window is not shaded too early. Another example would be the synchronous control of all shading units in a room or on a building side. In this way, it is avoided that some windows of a room or a building side are shaded, others not.
    It is conceivable that the controls 50... 52 are set up to use the highest value, the lowest value or the mean value of the temperature T within the group for the activation of the drives 2, or the highest value, the lowest value or the mean value Light intensity L within the group.
    The values for the temperatures T and / or the light intensities L of the shading units can also be weighted differently. This is advantageous, for example, if shadowing units of different importance for the residents are combined in a group. For example, the values found on a WC window may be less weighted than the values of a living room window. The weighting can also change depending on the time of day and / or the season. For example, a different weighting may be applied in the morning than in the evening.
    The controller 50 does not have to constantly play the role as master. One possibility would also be that each of the first controller 50..52, which changes the degree of shading, for a certain time belongs to the status of the master. For example, this could be controller 50 at one time, and controller 52 at another time. When the controller 52 becomes the master, the controllers 50 and 51 are instructed to set another shading degree B. Of course, but also an organization of the shading units without dedicated hierarchy is possible, that is, the shading units are equal.
    In addition to the variant shown in FIG. 6 for controlling the shading within a group, the control can also take place in that at least one controller 5 within the group is set up, control parameters, in particular at least one threshold value SWT for the accumulator temperature T and / or at least one Threshold SWL1, SWL2 for the light intensity L of at least one other controller 5 to change.
    In this variant, shading units are not controlled directly by specific commands to change the level of shading B (see the level of shading B transmitted by the master controller 50 to the slave controllers 51 and 52), but indirectly by changing the specifications which affect shading. For example, the master controller 50 may influence the slave controllers 51 and 52 to affect their threshold values SWT for the accumulator temperature T and / or their thresholds SWL1, SWL2 for the light intensity L. In FIG. 6, therefore, for example, a transmission of threshold values SWT, SWL1 and SWL2 takes the place of the transmission of the degree of shading B
    If the master controller 50 reduces the shading degree B, threshold values SWT, SWL1 and SWL2 changed to the slave controllers 51 and 52 are output, which promote a reduction in their shading degree B. Likewise, thresholds SWT, SWL1 and SWL2 changed to the slave controllers 51 and 52 are outputted, which promote an increase in their shadowing degree B when the master controller 50 increases the shading degree B. 24
    As a result, the shading units of a group or their controls 50 .52 "soft" connected. Therefore, the shading units of a group do not necessarily change their shading degree B synchronously, but it is likely to be so. At a minimum, the likelihood that the shading units change their shading degree B in the same way in a short time is high.
    The shading units or windows shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 permit the control of shading on the basis of the temperature T of the accumulator 3. This is due to the arrangement of the temperature sensor 4 between the building's interior temperature and the outside temperature. Since the control or regulation in this case depends not only on the internal temperature or merely on the outside temperature, the shading succeeds particularly well. The latter also applies to the case where the temperature sensor 4 is indeed arranged in a cavity within the floor frame or within the sash, but the shading unit does not have an accumulator 3, but is connected to the power supply, for example.
    Fig. 7 now shows a vertical section through a window in its upper area. The window comprises a floor frame 13 and a movably mounted wing frame 11, seals 14 and 15 and an aluminum panel 16 as weather protection. Furthermore, in FIG. 7, a control board 17 is shown, on which the controller 5, the charging circuit 7 and the communication module 8 are constructed. In addition, in this example, the temperature sensor 4 is also located on the control board 17. In this example, the window further comprises three disks 9, 10 and 18.
    In Fig. 7, three isotherms, namely for + 4eC, + 5Ό and + 10C, drawn, which result in the window at an internal temperature of 20¾ and an outside temperature of 0¾. These can be calculated, for example, by means of a computer simulation or else measured on a real window. 25mmmm2
    FIGS. 8 and 9 show the window already shown in FIG. 7 at other temperatures. Concretely, Fig. 8 shows the window at an internal temperature of 20 * 0 and an outside temperature of -15 * 0 and isotherms at -100, -80 and -50. FIG. 9 shows the window at an internal temperature of 200 and an external temperature of 35 * 0 and isotherms at + 30 * 0, + 31 * 0 and + 32 * 0.
    These isotherms show that the temperature sensor 4 arranged on the control board 17 is exposed to a temperature which is between the inside temperature and the outside temperature. However, the isotherms can also be used in particular to find a suitable place for the temperature sensor 4 or to design the window accordingly, so that a desired behavior of the controller 5 results, which indeed activates the drive 2 as a function of the temperature T measured by the temperature sensor 4 , In Fig. 7, the control board 17 is a temperature of about + 4 * 0, in the Fig. 8 a temperature of about -80 and in Fig. 9 egg ner temperature of about +310 exposed.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of a shading device according to the invention or a window according to the invention, it being noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this variation possibility due to the teaching to technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert. In particular, the disclosed teaching is mutatis mutandis applicable to shading other than a blind 1, for example on shutters, shutters, Venetian blinds, curtains and so on. Of course, unlike in FIG. 1, the blind 1 can also be arranged outside the disks 9 and 10 or, unlike in FIGS. 7 to 9, outside the disks 9, 10 and 18. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection. 26
    In particular, it is noted that the illustrated devices may in reality also comprise more or fewer components than illustrated.
    For the sake of the order, it should finally be pointed out that the shading device and the window and their components have been shown partly out of scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size for a better understanding of their construction.
    The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.
    N2012 / 11900
    19-11-2Ö12
    FLP; ^ Q12 / 5p524
    Reference signs 1 Shading device 2 Drive 3 Accumulator 4 Temperature sensor 5, 50..52 Control 6 Photovoltaic module 7 Charging circuit 8 Grain communication modu I 9 Window pane 10 Window pane 11 Casement frame 12 Opening 13 Floor frame 14 Seal 15 Seal 16 Aluminum cover 17 Control board 18 Window pane B Shading level L Light intensity L1..L3 Range for light intensity SWL1, SWL2 Threshold value for light intensity SWT Tem peraturschwel Iwert T Temperature t Time T1, T2 T emperature range t1..t5 Time N2012 / 1
    权利要求:
    Claims (29)
    [1]
    NMED: 19-11-2012

    A motorized shading unit for a building opening, comprising: means (1) for shading the building opening, a drive (2), which is coupled to the shading means (1), a battery (3) for supplying energy to the said drive (2) and a temperature sensor (4) for measuring the temperature (T) of the Ak-Kumulators (3), characterized by a controller (5,50 .. 52), which is adapted to the drive (2) in Dependence of the temperature (T) of the accumulator (3) to activate.
    [2]
    2. Shading unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor (4) is arranged on or in the accumulator (3).
    [3]
    3. shading unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor (4) from the accumulator (3) spaced apart, however, is arranged thermally coupled thereto.
    [4]
    4. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the accumulator (3) comprises a protective circuit for emergency shutdown of the accumulator (3) with a on or in the accumulator (3) arranged further temperature sensor.
    [5]
    5. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the controller (5,50..52) is adapted to the shading by activation of the drive (2) with increasing accumulator temperature (T) N2012 / 1 2 2

    to strengthen and / or attenuate the shading by activation of the drive (2) with decreasing accumulator temperature (T).
    [6]
    6. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a with the controller (5, 50..52) coupled, building exterior light sensor and the controller (5, 50..52) is adapted to the shading Activation of the drive (2) to increase with increasing light intensity (L) and / or attenuate the shading by activating the drive (2) with decreasing light intensity (L).
    [7]
    7. Shading unit according to claim 6, characterized by a photovoltaic module (6) for supplying energy to the drive (2) or for charging the accumulator (3), which is additionally used as a light sensor.
    [8]
    8. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by a temperature sensor (4) for measuring the internal temperature of the building or means for inputting the same.
    [9]
    9. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the one controller (5,50..52) is adapted to activate the drive (2) as a function of a season.
    [10]
    10. Shading unit according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the controller (5, 50..52) is adapted to the shading in darkness (L1) regardless of the temperature (T) to reinforce the shading in weak To attenuate ambient light (L2) regardless of the temperature (T), to attenuate the shading in strong ambient light (L3) and low temperature (T1), and to boost N2012 / 1 3 in high ambient light (L3) and high temperature (T2).
    [11]
    11. shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the controller {5, 50..52) with a charging circuit (7) of the accumulator (3) is coupled and is adapted to the drive (2) in dependence to activate the temperature (T) of the accumulator (3) only if the accumulator (3) is not charged or has not been charged for a predeterminable period of time.
    [12]
    12. shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the controller (5, 50..52) is adapted to the shading based on at least one threshold value (SWT) for the accumulator temperature (T) and / or based on at least one Threshold (SWL1, SWL2) for the light intensity (L) to control.
    [13]
    13. Shading unit according to claim 12, characterized in that a hysteresis is provided for the at least one threshold value (SWT, SWL1, SWL2).
    [14]
    14. Shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by a communication module (8) for communication with other shading units.
    [15]
    15. Closure element for a building opening, comprising a floor frame for mounting in said building opening and at least one movably mounted in the floor frame wings with a plurality of spaced-apart transparent panes (9,10,18), characterized by a shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 14. 4
    [16]
    16. Closure element according to claim 15, characterized in that the shading means (1) between two of said discs (9,10, 18) is arranged.
    [17]
    17. Closure according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the drive (2) and / or the accumulator (3) and / or the temperature sensor (4) and / or the controller (5, 50..52) and / or optionally, the photovoltaic module (6) is / are arranged in the upper region of the closure element.
    [18]
    18. A closure element for a building opening, comprising a floor frame for mounting in said building opening and at least one optional in the floor frame movably mounted wings, characterized by an integrated in the floor frame or in the wing shading unit according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the temperature sensor (4) is arranged in a cavity within the floor frame or within the wing.
    [19]
    19. Closure element according to claim 18, characterized in that the cavity in which the temperature sensor (4) is arranged, is hermetically sealed.
    [20]
    20. Closure element according to claim 18, characterized in that the cavity, in which the temperature sensor (4) is arranged, has at least one opening to the building exterior side of the closure element.
    [21]
    21. Closure element according to claim 18 or 20, characterized in that the cavity, in which the temperature sensor (4) is arranged, has at least one opening to the building inside side of the closure element. N2012 / 11900: 19-11-2012 [10 2012/50524
    [22]
    22. Closure element according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized by the features of a closure element according to one of claims 15 to 17.
    [23]
    23 group of shading units according to claim 14 or closure elements according to one of claims 15 to 22 with shading units according to claim 14, characterized in that the controls (5, 50..52) of the shading units / closure elements are adapted to the temperatures (T) and / or to evaluate the light intensities (L) of a shading unit or of several shading units or of a closure element or of a plurality of closure elements in order to control their drives (2).
    [24]
    24. Group according to claim 23, characterized in that the controls (5,50..52) are adapted to the highest value, the lowest value or the average value of the temperature (T) within the group for the control of the drives (2 ).
    [25]
    25. Group according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the controls (5, 50..52) are adapted to the highest value, the lowest value or the mean value of the light intensity (L) within the group for the control of the drives (2) to use.
    [26]
    26. Group according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the values for the temperatures (T) and / or the light intensities (L) of the shading units / shutter elements are weighted differently.
    [27]
    27. Group according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that at least one controller (5, 50..52) is arranged within the group to change control parameters of at least one other controller (5, 50..52). N2012 / 1 6 6 • W1 * 2 (jl2 [102012/50524
    [28]
    28. The group according to claim 27, that the at least one controller (5, 50, 52) is set up to change control parameters of at least one other controller (5, 50... 52) if it matches the drive (2) assigned to it. activated.
    [29]
    29. A method for shading a building opening, in which a shading by activating a from a battery (3) supplied drive (2), which is coupled to means (1) for shading the building opening, is changed, characterized in that the drive ( 2) is activated as a function of the temperature (T) of the accumulator (3). N2012 / 1
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    同族专利:
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    EP2733298A2|2014-05-21|
    EP2733298A3|2016-05-18|
    AT513270B1|2014-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10317914A1|2002-04-17|2004-01-22|BBVV GmbH Gesellschaft für Beteiligung, Beratung, Vermittlung u. Verwaltung|Energy-saving control system for power-operated window in building, has central computer receiving measurements from outside and inside building and applying control functions to window|
    EP0164111B1|1984-06-08|1989-09-06|Alfred Dipl.-Ing. Wetzel|Sound absorbing and heat insulating compound window with a ventilating device|
    WO2002084064A1|2001-04-18|2002-10-24|Adolf Brasch|Door or window comprising at least one energy consuming device and device for adjusting a sun shade and/or blackout device for a window or similar glazed area|
    US20110133940A1|2009-12-08|2011-06-09|Margalit Yonatan Z|Multi-Sheet Glazing Unit With Internal Sensor|GB2528634A|2014-05-09|2016-02-03|Pierce Developments Holdings Ltd|Glazing systems|
    CN105952357A|2016-05-19|2016-09-21|巢湖市海风门窗有限公司|High latitude region built-in blinds hollow glass|
    IT201900015788A1|2019-09-06|2021-03-06|Pellini Spa|Double glazing equipped with a memory module|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50524/2012A|AT513270B1|2012-11-16|2012-11-16|Shading unit for a building opening|ATA50524/2012A| AT513270B1|2012-11-16|2012-11-16|Shading unit for a building opening|
    EP13193036.4A| EP2733298A3|2012-11-16|2013-11-15|Shading device for an opening in a building|
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